NEMO/Login: Difference between revisions

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{|style="background:#deffee; width:100%;"
= Login =
|style="padding:5px; background:#cef2e0; text-align:left"|
[[Image:Attention.svg|center|25px]]
|style="padding:5px; background:#cef2e0; text-align:left"|
Access to NEMO is '''limited to IP addresses from the BelWü network'''.
All home institutions of our current users are connected to BelWü, so if you are on your campus network (e.g. in your office or on the campus WiFi) you should be able to connect to NEMO without restrictions.
If you are outside one of the BelWü networks (e.g. at home), a VPN connection to the home institution or a connection to an SSH jump host at the home institution must be established first.
|}


The login nodes of the bwHPC clusters are the access point to the compute system, your <code>$HOME</code> directory and your workspaces.
After registration (registration procedure at [[bwForCluster User Access]], the bwForCluster NEMO can be accessed via a Secure Shell like <tt>ssh</tt> on Linux and Mac or <tt>PuTTY</tt> on Windows systems.
All users must log in through these nodes to submit jobs to the cluster.


'''Prerequisites for successful login:'''
From linux machines, you can log in using


You need to have
ssh <UserID>@login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
* completed the 3-step [[registration]] procedure.
ssh <UserID>@login2.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
* [[Registration/Password|set a service password]] for NEMO.
* [[Registration/2FA|set up a second factor (one-time password, OTP)]]


{|style="background:#deffee; width:100%;"
To run graphical applications, you can use the -X or -Y flag to openssh:
|style="padding:5px; background:#cef2e0; text-align:left"|
[[Image:Attention.svg|center|25px]]
|style="padding:5px; background:#cef2e0; text-align:left"|
The NEMO registration continues to use the old registration page https://bwservices.uni-freiburg.de, while the second factor (2FA) must be configured on the new registration page https://login.bwidm.de. https://login.bwidm.de is not used for anything else so far!
|}


ssh -Y -l <UserID> login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
ssh -Y -l <UserID> login2.nemo.uni-freiburg.de


= Login to bwForCluster NEMO =
For better performance on slow connections you should use e.g. [[VNC]].


Login to bwForCluster NEMO is only possible with a Secure Shell (SSH) client for which you must know your username on the cluster and the hostname of the login nodes.
For more general information on SSH clients, visit the [[Registration/Login/Client|SSH clients Guide]].


== About UserID / Username ==
== Username ==


If you want to use the NEMO cluster you need to add a prefix to your local username.
<UserID> of the ssh command is a placeholder for your username at your home organization and a prefix denoting your organization. Prefixes and resulting user names are as follows:
For prefixes please refer to the [[Registration/Login/Username|'''Username Wiki''']].


Example:<br/>
{| style="border:3px solid darkgray; margin: 5em auto 5em auto;" width="60%"
* If your local username for the University is <code>vwxyz1234</code> and you are a user from the University of Freiburg this would combine to: <code>fr_vwxyz1234</code>.
|-

!scope="row" {{Darkgray}} | Site

!scope="row" {{Darkgray}}| Prefix
== Hostnames ==
!scope="row" {{Darkgray}}| Username

The system has two login nodes.
You have to select the login node yourself.

{| class="wikitable"
! Hostname !! Node type
|-
|-
| '''login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de''' || NEMO first login node alias
| Freiburg
| fr
| fr_username
|-
|-
| '''login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de''' || NEMO first login node
|Heidelberg
|hd
|hd_username
|-
|-
| '''login2.nemo.uni-freiburg.de''' || NEMO second login node
|Hohenheim
|ho
|ho_username
|-
|-
|Karlsruhe
|ka
|ka_username
|-
|Konstanz
|kn
|kn_username
|-
|Mannheim
|ma
|ma_username
|-
|Stuttgart
|st
|st_username
|-
|Tübingen
|tu
|tu_username
|-
|Ulm
|ul
|ul_username
|}
|}


== Allowed activities on login nodes ==


== Login with SSH command (Linux, Mac, Windows) ==
The login nodes are the access point to the compute system and its $HOME directory. The login nodes are shared with all the users of the cluster. Therefore, your activities on the login nodes are limited to primarily set up your batch jobs. Your activities may also be:
* compilation of your program code and
* short pre- and postprocessing of your batch jobs.


Most Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux, Mac OS, and *BSD, as well as newer versions of MS Windows 10 and 11, have a built-in SSH client provided by the OpenSSH project.
To guarantee usability for all the users of the bwForCluster you must not run your compute jobs on the login nodes. Compute jobs must be submitted as [[Batch Jobs]]. Any compute job running on the login nodes will be terminated without any notice.
If you want to use the full set of Linux commands on Windows, you can also install the [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install Windows Subsystem for Linux] (WSL) on newer Windows 10 and 11 versions very easily.
Then start a terminal, e.g. "xterm", "konsole" or "gnome-terminal" under Linux, the "Terminal" app under Mac OS or under Windows the "Terminal" app (command: 'cmd') or "PowerShell".


For login use one of the following ssh commands:
= Password Reset =


ssh <username>@login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
If you forgot your password for the bwForCluster NEMO you can set a new one on the [https://bwservices.uni-freiburg.de NEMO service page]. Just use the link in the "bwForCluster NEMO" service box.
ssh -l <username> login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de


To run graphical applications, you can use the <code>-X</code> or <code>-Y</code> flag to <code>ssh</code>:
= Further reading =

ssh -Y -l <username> login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

For better graphical performance, we recommend using the VNC module on the cluster: 'module load vis/turbovnc'.

== Login with graphical SSH client (Windows) ==

For Windows we suggest using MobaXterm for login and file transfer.
Start ''MobaXterm'', fill in the following fields:
<pre>
Remote name : login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de # or login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de, login2.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
Specify user name : <username>
Port : 22
</pre>

After that click on 'ok'. Then a terminal will be opened and there you can enter your credentials.

== Login Example ==

To log in to NEMO, you must provide your [[Registration/Password|service password]].
Proceed as follows:
# Use SSH for a login node.
# When you log in for the first time, you must confirm the SSH fingerprint of the login node.
# The system will ask you for your service password <code>Password:</code>. Please enter it and confirm it with Enter/Return. If you do not have a service password yet or have forgotten it, please create one (see [[Registration/Password]]).
# You will be greeted by the cluster, followed by a shell.

<pre>
~ $ ssh fr_vwxyz1234@login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

The authenticity of host 'login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de (132.230.222.12)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:JDP0H4SjxdnkfYOVpP09xRHAlvB3GCGhAJVMZAmQX5M.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.

fr_vwxyz1234@login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de's password:

Last login: Thu Sep 8 16:01:18 2022 from host1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

Research Cluster Baden Wuerttemberg
bwForCluster

ooooo ooo oooooooooooo ooo ooooo .oooooo.
`888b. `8' `888' `8 `88. .888' d8P' `Y8b
8 `88b. 8 888 888b d'888 888 888
8 `88b. 8 888oooo8 8 Y88. .P 888 888 888
8 `88b.8 888 " 8 `888' 888 888 888
8 `888 888 o 8 Y 888 `88b d88'
o8o `8 o888ooooood8 o8o o888o `Y8bood8P'

Neuroscience Elementary Microsystems Materials
Particle Engineering Science
Physics

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Node : login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
OS : CentOS 7.9 (Rev. 23), 3.10.0-1160.76.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NEMO Info : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
NEMO Status : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de/nemo/stat/
NEMO Support : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de/support/
NEMO News : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de/news/
Central Wiki : http://wiki.bwhpc.de

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Status : NEMO: normal operation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Published : 2022-09-03 by HPC Team Freiburg

Security update September applied (CentOS 7.9, Rev. 23).
See update log for timestamps
/opt/bwhpc/os-revisions/security_update_2022-09.

See http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de for more information on NEMO.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fr_vwxyz1234@login1 ~]$
</pre>


= SSH Keys on NEMO =

Interactive SSH keys can be used with a second factor.
You must copy your public SSH keys into:
<pre>
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
</pre>

== Workflow and Command SSH Keys ==

This example uses 'rrsync' (see [[Registration/SSH/rrsync|rrsync wiki]]).

If you want to use workflows and commands without a second factor, you can use SSH command keys.
The command needs to look like this:
<pre>
command="/usr/local/bin/rrsync -ro /home/aa/aa_bb/aa_abc1/",from="10.10.10.0/24"
</pre>

Please send the following information to the [[NEMO/Support|'''NEMO support''']]:

<pre>
command="/usr/local/bin/rrsync -ro /home/aa/aa_bb/aa_abc1/",from="10.10.10.0/24" ssh-rsa ... username
</pre>

This command then will be allowed on '''workflow.nemo.uni-freiburg.de''', example:
<pre>
rsync -av workflow.nemo.uni-freiburg.de:remotedir/ localdir/
</pre>


= Allowed Activities on Login Nodes =

{|style="background:#deffee; width:100%;"
|style="padding:5px; background:#cef2e0; text-align:left"|
[[Image:Attention.svg|center|25px]]
|style="padding:5px; background:#cef2e0; text-align:left"|
To guarantee usability for all the users of clusters you must not run your compute jobs on the login nodes.
Compute jobs must be submitted to the queuing system.
Any compute job running on the login nodes will be terminated without any notice.
Any long-running compilation or any long-running pre- or post-processing of batch jobs must also be submitted to the queuing system.
|}


The login nodes of the bwHPC clusters are the access point to the compute system, your <code>$HOME</code> directory and your workspaces.
* Scientific software is made accessible using the [[Environment Modules]] system
These nodes are shared with all the users therefore, your activities on the login nodes are limited to primarily set up your batch jobs.
Your activities may also be:
* '''short''' compilation of your program code and
* '''short''' pre- and post-processing of your batch jobs.


We advise users to use [[BwForCluster_NEMO_Specific_Batch_Features#Interactive_Jobs|interactive jobs]] for compute and memory intensive tasks like compiling.
* Compute jobs must be submitted as [[Batch Jobs]]


= Related Information =


* If you want to reset your service password, consult the [[Registration/Password|Password Guide]].
----
* If you want to de-register, consult the [[Registration/Deregistration|De-registration Guide]].
[[Category:BwForCluster NEMO]]
* Configuring your shell: [[.bashrc Do's and Don'ts]]
[[Category:BwForCluster NEMO|Access]]
[[Category:BwForCluster NEMO|Login]]
[[Category:Access|bwForCluster NEMO]]

Latest revision as of 11:55, 5 November 2024

Attention.svg

Access to NEMO is limited to IP addresses from the BelWü network. All home institutions of our current users are connected to BelWü, so if you are on your campus network (e.g. in your office or on the campus WiFi) you should be able to connect to NEMO without restrictions. If you are outside one of the BelWü networks (e.g. at home), a VPN connection to the home institution or a connection to an SSH jump host at the home institution must be established first.

The login nodes of the bwHPC clusters are the access point to the compute system, your $HOME directory and your workspaces. All users must log in through these nodes to submit jobs to the cluster.

Prerequisites for successful login:

You need to have

Attention.svg

The NEMO registration continues to use the old registration page https://bwservices.uni-freiburg.de, while the second factor (2FA) must be configured on the new registration page https://login.bwidm.de. https://login.bwidm.de is not used for anything else so far!


Login to bwForCluster NEMO

Login to bwForCluster NEMO is only possible with a Secure Shell (SSH) client for which you must know your username on the cluster and the hostname of the login nodes. For more general information on SSH clients, visit the SSH clients Guide.

Username

If you want to use the NEMO cluster you need to add a prefix to your local username. For prefixes please refer to the Username Wiki.

Example:

  • If your local username for the University is vwxyz1234 and you are a user from the University of Freiburg this would combine to: fr_vwxyz1234.


Hostnames

The system has two login nodes. You have to select the login node yourself.

Hostname Node type
login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de NEMO first login node alias
login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de NEMO first login node
login2.nemo.uni-freiburg.de NEMO second login node


Login with SSH command (Linux, Mac, Windows)

Most Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux, Mac OS, and *BSD, as well as newer versions of MS Windows 10 and 11, have a built-in SSH client provided by the OpenSSH project. If you want to use the full set of Linux commands on Windows, you can also install the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on newer Windows 10 and 11 versions very easily. Then start a terminal, e.g. "xterm", "konsole" or "gnome-terminal" under Linux, the "Terminal" app under Mac OS or under Windows the "Terminal" app (command: 'cmd') or "PowerShell".

For login use one of the following ssh commands: 

ssh <username>@login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
ssh -l <username> login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

To run graphical applications, you can use the -X or -Y flag to ssh: 

ssh -Y -l <username> login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

For better graphical performance, we recommend using the VNC module on the cluster: 'module load vis/turbovnc'.

Login with graphical SSH client (Windows)

For Windows we suggest using MobaXterm for login and file transfer.

Start MobaXterm, fill in the following fields: 

Remote name              : login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de    # or login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de, login2.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
Specify user name        : <username>
Port                     : 22

After that click on 'ok'. Then a terminal will be opened and there you can enter your credentials.

Login Example

To log in to NEMO, you must provide your service password. Proceed as follows:

  1. Use SSH for a login node.
  2. When you log in for the first time, you must confirm the SSH fingerprint of the login node.
  3. The system will ask you for your service password Password:. Please enter it and confirm it with Enter/Return. If you do not have a service password yet or have forgotten it, please create one (see Registration/Password).
  4. You will be greeted by the cluster, followed by a shell.
~ $ ssh fr_vwxyz1234@login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

The authenticity of host 'login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de (132.230.222.12)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:JDP0H4SjxdnkfYOVpP09xRHAlvB3GCGhAJVMZAmQX5M.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.

fr_vwxyz1234@login.nemo.uni-freiburg.de's password: 

Last login: Thu Sep  8 16:01:18 2022 from host1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de

                     Research Cluster Baden Wuerttemberg
                                 bwForCluster

           ooooo      ooo oooooooooooo ooo        ooooo   .oooooo.
           `888b.     `8' `888'     `8 `88.       .888'  d8P'  `Y8b
            8 `88b.    8   888          888b     d'888  888      888
            8   `88b.  8   888oooo8     8 Y88. .P  888  888      888
            8     `88b.8   888    "     8  `888'   888  888      888
            8       `888   888       o  8    Y     888  `88b    d88'
           o8o        `8  o888ooooood8 o8o        o888o  `Y8bood8P'

            Neuroscience   Elementary   Microsystems   Materials
                               Particle     Engineering     Science
                                   Physics

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Node            : login1.nemo.uni-freiburg.de 
 OS              : CentOS 7.9 (Rev. 23), 3.10.0-1160.76.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 NEMO Info       : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de
 NEMO Status     : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de/nemo/stat/
 NEMO Support    : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de/support/
 NEMO News       : http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de/news/
 Central Wiki    : http://wiki.bwhpc.de

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Status          : NEMO: normal operation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Published       : 2022-09-03 by HPC Team Freiburg

 Security update September applied (CentOS 7.9, Rev. 23).
 See update log for timestamps
 /opt/bwhpc/os-revisions/security_update_2022-09.

 See http://www.nemo.uni-freiburg.de for more information on NEMO.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fr_vwxyz1234@login1 ~]$


SSH Keys on NEMO

Interactive SSH keys can be used with a second factor. You must copy your public SSH keys into: 

~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Workflow and Command SSH Keys

This example uses 'rrsync' (see rrsync wiki).

If you want to use workflows and commands without a second factor, you can use SSH command keys. The command needs to look like this: 

command="/usr/local/bin/rrsync -ro /home/aa/aa_bb/aa_abc1/",from="10.10.10.0/24"

Please send the following information to the NEMO support: 

command="/usr/local/bin/rrsync -ro /home/aa/aa_bb/aa_abc1/",from="10.10.10.0/24" ssh-rsa ... username

This command then will be allowed on workflow.nemo.uni-freiburg.de, example: 

rsync -av workflow.nemo.uni-freiburg.de:remotedir/ localdir/


Allowed Activities on Login Nodes

Attention.svg

To guarantee usability for all the users of clusters you must not run your compute jobs on the login nodes. Compute jobs must be submitted to the queuing system. Any compute job running on the login nodes will be terminated without any notice. Any long-running compilation or any long-running pre- or post-processing of batch jobs must also be submitted to the queuing system.

The login nodes of the bwHPC clusters are the access point to the compute system, your $HOME directory and your workspaces. These nodes are shared with all the users therefore, your activities on the login nodes are limited to primarily set up your batch jobs. Your activities may also be:

  • short compilation of your program code and
  • short pre- and post-processing of your batch jobs.

We advise users to use interactive jobs for compute and memory intensive tasks like compiling.

Related Information

Retrieved from "https://wiki.bwhpc.de/wiki/index.php?title=NEMO/Login&oldid=13153"